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There is no cure for trees infected with the fungus. The fungus grows in a tree’s vascular tissue and blocks the movement of water and food, which causes branch dieback, and eventual death of the tree. PSHB infects trees with the fungus when it bores through the bark and tunnels into the wood to lay eggs. The deadly duo pose a serious threat to native trees. The California sycamore and nine other native trees are also hosts. Suitable reproductive hosts include three native oaks: Coast live oak, Engelmann oak and Valley oak. The exotic beetle attacks hundreds of trees, shrubs and vines, but the Fusarium fungus, which the beetles’ larvae feed on, only grows on certain plants. Oaks and other native trees that for centuries have played an important role in the natural ecology of the Southern California region are being attacked and killed by a tiny beetle from Asia, the polyphagous shot hole borer (PSHB) and a new species of Fusarium fungus associated with the borer. Oaks that have thrived in the region for centuries could disappear from some areas, especially the iconic coast live oak.
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By leveraging a bug bounty program you can gain a significant amount of exposure, and you don’t have to spend a lot of extra time and effort building your own program.New plant pests and diseases recently introduced into Southern California are killing native trees and could dramatically change natural ecosystems. You’re allowing them a forum to openly submit these and earn a bounty for it. There are already people out there looking for vulnerabilities. Don’t be afraid to crowdsource it!įinancial companies in particular should not be afraid to open their doors to the outside world. Have a proper agreement in place, and make sure you’re clear on what’s included and what’s not. If you’re offering payment for finding bugs, make sure that what you are paying is competitive in the market. I’d also recommend reducing as much as you can time spent on things you already know about or on things that are not sensitive to your business (but that someone else might think is). It’s definitely worthwhile to look at using a managed service. If you’re going to build a program yourself, you need to understand the time it will take. What advice would you give to organizations considering a bug bounty program? No system can be proven to have zero vulnerabilities, so continuous testing at this level of depth is great. They have found very good vulnerabilities for which we don’t have a system in place to locate. They will take a URL/page and test it for many days for each page. Bugcrowd’s testers dig deeper in their testing than any testing previously done (either vendor provided or internally performed). We’ve seen a wide range, and that includes some critical items. How many bugs did you fix while using the program? How many critical issues? We learned a lot around streamlining process flow and on focusing on what was really the issue.
#Western union bug 2015 how to#
We learned how to communicate the program to the world, and also how to socialize it internally. The platform was fairly simple to set up.
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We liked that we didn’t have to build the service ourselves – we just had to go to the cloud. We can focus on the findings and other projects while Bugcrowd leverages the world to crowdsource information and find bugs on our site. Bugcrowd takes out a lot of the legwork for our teams. Who would manage the program? Who would validate the bugs reported? So we looked at a managed service. We looked at building our own program, but it was too time consuming. People were going online on Facebook and Twitter, saying, “I’ve found a bug.” They wanted to tell somebody about it. We saw people trying to report bugs, but we didn’t have a method to handle it. Why did you crowdsource your bug bounty program? What did you learn in the process? In this interview, David Levin, Director of Information Security at Western Union, talks about crowdsourcing their bug bounty program and the lessons learned along the way.